Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Marketing Mangement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing Mangement - Essay Example In order to fulfill or achieve his targets, a good marketing manager leads his subordinates and organization towards meeting these objectives. In a diversified organization like General Motors, a marketing manager can look at the overall objective of the business and then based on this objective he can setup the strategies or goals of various different products or SBUs within a business. Only when these objectives are in line with the mission or vision of a business, a business like General Motors can achieve success by meeting their targets. The marketers can provide certain very useful information on the basis of planning. They can provide sales data of a product, consumer reactions to the product, changes in consumer tastes, impact of competition in the market and how to make sure that the product remains successful in the market. Only if they have well-defined plans they can hedge volatility in the markets and can take large and diversified companies towards success. SBU strategy or business-level strategy can acquaint a firm with the market

Monday, October 28, 2019

The Showtime Sound Lighting System Information Technology Essay

The Showtime Sound Lighting System Information Technology Essay The Showtime Sound Lighting System undertaken as a project is based on relevant technologies. The main aim of this project is to develop software for sound lighting System. This project has been developed to carry out the processes easily and quickly, which is not possible with the manuals systems, which are overcome by this software. Hence it provides the complete solution to provide customer services and time management. The software provides good services and remove the repetitions in order to nurture the needs of the customer by providing various ways tasks. Also, to improve time management to handle large volume of business. Current Problems faced by the system Currently, the traditional manual system holds the information on clipboards until it is entered on the computer system. The current system is the one that evolved as the company grew from a part-time, one-man business to a full-time operation with permanent employees. The system does not ensure that the services can be provided to the customers needs. They are using computers to store the information or customer data i.e. Proposals, orders and invoices, in MS-WORD documents and thus redundancy of data is created which leads to inefficient programming and also decrease in the productivity. System Requirements Showtime Sound Lighting System is intended to help the user keep account of his customers in an efficient way. Thus provide good services and increase the productivity. It helps to handle the large volume of business, to provide good services to the customers, to remove the redundancy by providing various technicalities. The system is required to run in a more efficient way thus save time. If it is not feasible for customer to get the proper services then he has got no option left. The main aim of project will be to minimize these limitations and provide customer with better functionalities and services. Requirements Specification Requirement analysis is the first technical step in the software engineering process. It is at this point that a general statement of software scope is redefined into concrete a specification that forms the foundation for all software engineering activities that follow. There is no doubt that the presentation of specification has much to do with quality of the solution. Developers working with incomplete, inconsistent, or misleading specifications have to ultimately deal with confusion and frustration. The quality, timeliness and completeness of the software suffer as a consequence. Software Requirement Specification is developed as a consequence of analysis and market surveys. Review is essential to ensure that the developers and customers have the same perception of the problem. Unfortunately, even with the best of the methods, the problem is that the requirements keep on changing conditions. So it is necessary that during the requirement specification, user should know competence of the software. Requirements are prone to issues of ambiguity, incompleteness, and inconsistency. Techniques such as rigorous inspection have been shown to help deal with these issues. Ambiguities, incompleteness, and inconsistencies that can be resolved in the requirements phase typically cost orders of magnitude less to correct than when these same issues are found in later stages of product development. Requirements analysis strives to address these issues. Take a long time to produce Begin to limit the implementation option available Are costly to produce Requirements for both the system and the software are documented and reviewed with the customer. Scope of Project Today, the information technology has become the very advance and so the convenient means of handling the lots of information. The Showtime Lighting System is an application for maintaining a customers account in a company. The system provides the access to the customer to create a request, validate provide services to customers. Project Objectives And Deliverables: The objective is to design a tool which consists of all basic functionalities of an organization that holds all information of the customer using this application, value added services provided by the company that can be accessed by the users (customer and administration) through a user-friendly interface. There can be a possibility of online business. Target Customer Base: This system is made in such a way that this will be able to meet the basic requirements of advanced user as well as for the user those who are new to the system. Having a user friendly GUI, this application is a good option to used by a large section Feasibility Analysis Feasibility studies aim to objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and weaknesses of the existing business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats as presented by the environment, the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the prospects for success. In its simplest term, the two criteria to judge feasibility are cost required and value to be attained. As such, a well-designed feasibility study should provide a historical background of the business or project, description of the product or service, accounting statements, details of the operations and management, marketing research and policies, financial data, legal requirements and tax obligations. Generally, feasibility studies precede technical development and project implementation. Technical Feasibility Technical Feasibility centers on the existing manual system and to what extent it can support the proposed system. According to the feasibility analysis procedure, the technical feasibility of the proposed system is analyzed and the technical requirements such as software facilities, hardware facilities, procedures, inputs and outputs are identified. It is one of the important phases of the system development. In technical feasibility the following issues are taken into consideration. Whether the required technology is available or not Whether the required resources are available Manpower- programmers, testers debuggers Software and hardware Once the technical feasibility is established, it is important to consider the monetary factors also. Since it might happen that developing a particular system may be technically possible but it may require huge investments and benefits may be less. For evaluating this, economic feasibility of the proposed system is carried out. Showtime Sound Lighting System requires only the software to be installed on the system and the information can be accessed by authorized user in the organization. Economic Feasibility An economic feasibility test focuses on returns and costs of a proposed plan in both the short and long-term. An economic feasibility study (EFS) should consider investment and operating costs, the time value of money, risk and uncertainty, quality of available data, and the sensitivity of assumptions. An economic feasibility study should demonstrate the net benefit of the proposed course of action in the context of direct and indirect benefits and costs to the organization and to the general public as a whole. An EFS makes a business case, prepares analytical worksheets and other necessary supporting documentation. An EFS should be required for both pilot and long-term activities, plans and projects. For any system if the expected benefits equal or exceed the expected costs, the system can be judged to be economically feasible. In economic feasibility, cost benefit analysis is done in which expected costs and benefits are evaluated. Economic analysis is used for evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed system. In economic feasibility, the most important is cost-benefit analysis. As the name suggests, it is an analysis of the costs to be incurred in the system and benefits derivable out of the system. Showtime Sound Lighting System requires the software to be economically feasible. It should be according to the cost benefit analysis of the company. Organizational Feasibility The success of investment projects depend to a large extent on the capability of those responsible for managing them. The feasibility analysis should investigate the legal status of the organization, the level of staffing and the capability of the management and staff. Organizational Feasibility is conducted to determine whether a proposed business has sufficient management expertise, organizational competence, and resources to successfully launch its business. This also involves questions as whether it brings an excessive amount of change, and whether the organization is changing too rapidly to absorb it. It involves the questions as: Is the current organisational structure able to provide the necessary support during the implementation phase? How can a managing scheme for the project be crafted out of this structure and effectively interface with it? Will the systems introduction create new needs that cannot be accommodated by the current organisational structure? Is it possible to plan and implement all needed organisational changes in time, so as not to delay the systems implementation and operation? Showtime Sound Lighting System requires the software to be designed according to the needs of the organization Schedule Feasibility The schedule feasibility shows the estimated time to complete the project. This includes the schedules of each process in a project and the total project time. This can change if unexpected challenges occur. A project will fail if it takes too long to be completed before it is useful. Typically this means estimating how long the system will take to develop, and if it can be completed in a given time period using some methods like payback period. Schedule feasibility is a measure of how reasonable the project timetable is. Given our technical expertise, are the project deadlines reasonable? Some projects are initiated with specific deadlines. You need to determine whether the deadlines are mandatory or desirable. Showtime Sound Lighting System requires the software to be built within the stipulated time in an efficient way. Resource feasibility This involves questions such as how much time is available to build the new system, when it can be built, whether it interferes with normal business operations, type and amount of resources required, dependencies, do you have enough resources, what resources will be required, what facilities will be required for the project, etc. Showtime Sound Lighting System requires the software to be built by skilled and expert resources. Not only should the software be handled further by expert resources. Current Systems Specification UML Case Diagram This diagram displays the brief description of the current existing system. In this SSL System receive request from customers, then the request is validated, it will check for the equipment availability, after the equipments available then generate proposal, after that generate order and then the bill is provided to the customer. Major Description This diagram describes all the scenarios in detail with all possibilities of the current prevailing system SSL System gathers information from customers, put it on the clipboard, then validate customer request, then enter into the computer system maintaining the customer information. If existing customer then update the information otherwise create a new customer. After that, check for the mode of request. Whether it rental or information is for purchase or operators support. Accordingly the equipments availability is checked by the user. If the equipment is available and the associated employee is also available, the order is generated. Then the services are provided to the customer. Structural Model (Class Diagram) The below diagram displays all the classes and their relationship of the existing current system. In this diagram, different classes have been generated with attributes and methods. First is customer class with attributes and methods getcustomerdetails(), addnewcustomer() and updatecustomer(). Then the class event is created with methods addnewevent(), updateebent(). There is 1 to many relationship between customer and event. Employee class is created with methods getemployee(). One customer can deal with only one employee at a time depends upon the availability of employee. Then order class is generated with methods generateorder(), generatebill(). One employee can generate many orders at a time. . Activity Diagram This diagram shows all the activities of the prevailing system. In this diagram, first get the request from customer, check for the equipment availability, then process the request mode i.e. whether it is rental request, or request for purchase or request for the operators support. After taking the decision the information is first written on the clipboard, and then stored in the computer. After checking the time requirement and employee availability, the proposal is generated. Once the proposal is confirmed, the order is generated and the services are provided to the customer. Structured Design Models A Context Analysis Diagram A Context Diagram confines project scope to an agreed limit by obtaining agreement from the customer on the data flows that are included in the scope of a project. The Context Diagram focuses on relationships with external entities and identifies the information that is exchanged between these external entities and the business system under review. The external entities themselves are outside the scope of the project but the data flows between the entities and the business system are within the project scope. Customer SSL SYSTEM Customer Provide services Generate Proposal Equipment Availability Information request Equipment details validate request Generate Order Request Type request details validate proposal A LEVEL 0 DFD On Level 0, a DFD shows all the data flows from the system to the external entities, with the whole system being represented as one large process. A Level 0 diagram is sometimes created to show the interaction of the system with external entities, some of which may also be systems. Process Request CUSTOMER CUSTOMER Information Services A LEVEL 1 DFD Customer request information Collect information on clipboard Process Request Provide Services Update Information Generate Order details check for equipment Generate proposal Process Equipment availability validate information equipment available Employee availability Schedule Timing Mode of request rental,purchase,operator support A LEVEL 2 DFD 1.2 Check for equipment availability 1.1 Process Request Customer send request details 1.3 Process Request Type provide services equipment details 1.4 Generate order order details A Level 1 DFD A Level 1 DFD normally shows very few (8 10) processes, and is intended to explain the basic functioning of the system. A Level 1 diagram should show all the processes of the system and the external entities that the system actively interacts with (and in some rare cases exchange of data between those external entities, when absolutely necessary). A Level 2 DFD This level is a decomposition of a process shown in a level-1 diagram, as such there should be a level-2 diagram for each and every process shown in a level-1 diagram. In this example, processes 1.1, 1.2 1.3 are all vital of process 1. Together they wholly and completely describe process 1, and combined must perform the full capacity of this parent process. Proposed System Specificaion UML Model Detailed Use Case Model Problem Situation Showtime Sound Lighting (SSL) Inc is an organization deals with the equipments related with sound and lighting systems. SSL deals with wide range of customers. Many local organizations, churches, and entertainment businesses have contracts for support of sound, projection, and lighting in their facilities. SSL provides different types of services such as provide equipments on rent, for purchase; they also provide operators support to the customers. To produce a large amount of business, they frequently upgrade the cost of equipment but this leads to their loss. They also occasionally upgrade damaged or obsolete equipment. Currently SSL system is divided into four major business activities in providing services and products to its customers. Collect and process customer information and requests. A customer provides a request to SSL. If the request is from an existing customer, it is compared to previous requests. This process requires information from the customer file. The information of the customer is then updated. If the customer is new, a customer file is created that records the newly obtained customer information. Match customer requirements with equipment availability. The customers order information is collected, specifically listing the customers needs. Customer requirements can range from a simple set of items to purchase to a request for consulting services resulting in recommended alternative system solutions to a request for a full set of equipment complete with operators. After availability of equipment, the order can be generated. After that match the details with customer time requirements as well with the availability of employee. There are two types of employees working in the organization i.e. Permanent employees and contractors which are again full time part time. If the employee schedules match with the customer requirements, then the proposal will be raised. Customers want SSL to bid. To prepare the bid SSL must compare needs with equipment and personnel availability. Equipment and personnel requirements must be planned for and reserved in the event that the proposal is accepted. This is often the case for organizations that must obtain approval from finance committees. When the organization accepts the proposal, the order is then created, and the equipment and personnel are scheduled to support the event. After that the service provides to the customer. In current environment or system there is no proper database being maintained. All the information gathered from the customer is stored on the clipboard and then written on MS-WORD to convert and store data electronically. In this way, the data can be repeated. It means the same order, information of the customers, etc. can be repeated which is not an efficient way of programming. Moreover, redundancy leads to the confusion in the system. There can be the confusion that which equipment is available, or which of the equipments has been given to which customer etc. Then Provide services and products. The process entails the actual support of the event. SSL management prepares a list of all support needed for the event so that the technician delivers everything SSL has agreed to provide. This list is essential because the support needed for a large gathering must be on hand and functional at the time of the event. All order information is provided to the technician. This allows the tech nician to load all necessary equipment and to ensure that the proper contract workers, if required, are available for the event. At the conclusion of the event, the technician must report that the order was successfully completed. If any overtime was required, the technician must report this as well so that the contract workers are properly paid. The technician also evaluates the performance of the contract workers; this information helps SSL decide which workers to hire for future events. Finally, the technician notes any equipment problems that may require immediate attention or routine maintenance. Comparison and Analysis SSL provides different types of services such as provide equipments on rent, for purchase; they also provide operators support to the customers. To produce a large amount of business, they frequently upgrade the cost of equipment but this leads to their loss. A manual system stores the information on clipboards and later on enters the information in computer system. In this way an efficient data and accurate data cannot be stored for later use.. Moreover there can be redundancy of data that leads to confusion. The system currently does not ensure that customer information is readily available to support daily operations, nor does it provide information needed for decision making by management. As a result, much of the information in the set of customer files is repetitious. The business currently does not have a system for assigning customer numbers or cross-referencing documents. Locating information about a specific order, previous customer service provided, and other business acti vities are time-consuming and difficult. This deficiency in turn has a negative impact on servicing customer. All order information is provided to the technician. On the contrary, the Proposed Showtime Sound Lighting System is a system based on relevant technologies. The main aim of this project is to develop software for sound lighting System. The software provides good services and remove the repetitions in order to nurture the needs of the customer by providing various ways tasks. Also to improve time management to handle large volume of business. The traditional manual is being overcome by the information stord in proper databases in the proposed system.Currently, the traditional manual system hold the information on clipboards until it is entered on the computer system but in the proposed system , the data will be stored in the databases for all the functions and activities take place in the organization. There should be more permanent employees which are of full time to increase the productivity.Collect and process customer information and requests. For this a separate customer database should be created with the relevant fields. Cust_id should be the key field. That it stores only unique records, not more than one same record can be stored. A customer provides a request to SSL. Check for the existing customer in customer database and update the information.. If the customer is new, add his information in the database through addnewcustomer() method. Match customer requirements with equipment availability. The details of the equipments should be stored in another database called item .If the equipment is available then (check for the availability from the database) then validate request. In validation, check for the genuine order being placed by the customer. After this check which type of request is being made, i.e the order is for rental, purchase or the operators support is needed. Again this information is also stored in separate database. If all the information is stored in separate database, then there would be no chances of redundancy and smooth functioning of the system. As far relationship is concerned, relation can be with the cust_id. Many customers can place the orders at the time and all the details should be stored in their respective databases. Only one equipment should be provided to one customer. For the availability of the equipments, check the database and update the database side by side. Match the requirement with the employee availability and also with the time required. Update the database of the employee for the same to validate the request. The customers order information is collected, specifically listing the customers needs. Order should be generated and the details should be stored in order database along with its type and the shipping details of the customer To increase the productivity and goodwill , the company should appoint more and more full time skilled employees. In this way they can provide good services to the customers.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Serial Killers Essay -- Essays Papers

Serial Killers Serial killers kill because of three patterns we see develop throughout their lives. These patterns are the development of youthful characteristics and habits, abusing events in their lives, and the final push. To be qualified as a serial killer one must murder more than three victims, one at a time, in a relatively short time period. The most common serial killers are white, heterosexual, sexually frustrated, young adult males with low self-esteem. Lester Ballard, the main character in Child of God, by Cormac McCarthy, displays these patterns as I have found it described in texts on serial killers. The earliest warning signs of serial killers can be traced back to their childhood. It is believed that the mind of a murderer is charged with a turbulence of emotions stored from early childhood (Abrahamsen 18). When these often repressed emotions are activated, the mind, particularly when aroused or frustrated, becomes violent, and so it is that a person who may appear quite normal and well adjusted on the surface, becomes possessed by a mind that murders (Abrahamsen 18). The study of 36 incarcerated killers by Robert Ressler, Ann Burgess, and John Douglas, which can be found in their book Sexual Homicide Patterns and Motives, found many common behavior indicators in their childhoods. These behaviors include daydreaming, compulsive masturbation, isolation, chronic lying, bed wetting, rebelliousness, nightmares, destroying property, fire setting stealing, cruelty to children, poor body image, temper tantrums, sleep problems, display assault toward adults, phobias, ru nning away, cruelty to animals, accident prone, headaches, destroying possessions, eating problems, convulsions, and... ...nd. New York: Harper and Row, 1973. Bardsley, Marilyn. Jeffrey Dahmer. Dark Horse Multimedia, 2000. Bell, Rachel. The Crime Library: Everything You Need to Know About Ted Bundy. Dark Horse Multimedia Inc, 2001. Mendoza, Antonio. Internet Crime Archives. 2000. McCarthy, Cormac. Child of God. New York: Vintage Books, 1973. Newton, Michael. Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. New York: Facts on File, 2000. Serial Killers Exposed. Serial Killers Info Polls. 2000. Winn, Steven. Ted Bundy, The Killer Next Door. New York: Buntam Books, 1979.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Comparison of Financial and Managerial Accounting

Financial accounting refers to accounting and oversight of the companies have completed a comprehensive system of campaign funds, that the external economic stakes of investors, creditors and the government departments concerned and enterprises to provide economic information of the financial position and profitability as the main target carry out economic activities.Financial Accounting is an important foundation work of modern enterprises, through a series of accounting procedures, provided useful information for decision-making, and actively participate in management decisions, improve the economic efficiency of enterprises, service in the healthy and orderly development of the market economy. Management accounting, also known as â€Å"internal report accounting†, it means: to present and future campaign funds, to enhance economic efficiency for the purpose of internal managers provide the scientific basis for management decision-making as the goal of economic management ac tivities.Popular financial accounting is the total company accounting processes, cost accounting is the part of management accounting is a financial accounting calculation based on future projections of the company. In economic management, accounting work is an important part of one is closely linked to the effective operation of economic and accounting work. Comparison of management accounting and financial accounting for the study of accounting work in-depth research and analysis.Overview of management accounting and financial accounting Management Accounting Management Accounting refers to the conditions of market economy, to strengthen management within the organization, organize the best value for money as the ultimate goal, to organize business activities and value of performance as an object through the financial aspects information on deep-processing and re-use, in order to achieve the accounting branch of the process of economic forecasting, decision-making, planning and co ntrol functions.Financial Accounting Financial Accounting refers to the currency as the primary unit of measurement of the transactions or events that have taken place in the organization the use of specialized recognition and measurement at the same time as the main form of financial accounting reports regularly to the organization of different economic stakeholders provide external accounting information accounting.Second, the comparison of management accounting and financial accounting To a better understanding of management accounting and financial accounting, the links and differences between management accounting and financial accounting are discussed below: A. Contact management accounting and financial accounting Financial accounting and management accounting on the functional objectives and data sources are the same as the two basic content of the modern accounting.Both from the same mother, complementary, indivisible. Financial accounting, fixed accounting procedures and m ethods, production and business activities within a certain period of time and the results formed by the registration books, and other information. This information not only can be applied to the outside, can also be applied internally.Management accounting by the financial accounting information processing, making it the management accounting information, so as to improve the internal management services, at the same time provide the necessary conditions for the accounting supervision. Management accounting and financial accounting functions of the target mainly through the provision of information for enterprises and other organizations to provide a full range of consulting services, in order to effectively improve management, promote cost-effective upgrade. the difference between management accounting and financial accounting From the perspective of the service object, the organization's internal management accounting services to the enterprise management requirements is met in t he daily management of the particular circumstances, to collect the data to the managers of the organization's internal management and control information to improve the management level of enterprises and other organizations, and thus the management accounting can be called internal accounting.Financial accounting is the focus summarized by the periodic preparation of financial statements of enterprises and organizations such as asset valuation, capital structure and operating results are described, in order to provide the necessary information to the external unit or individual enterprises and other organizations, and thus can be said external accounting. From the perspective of the work focused on the object of study of management accounting and the issues to be addressed is the design of different aspects of the future organization of production and management, economic activity should occur Paper Union www. wlm. com finishing expected evaluation, management accounting informati on in accordance with the development of management programs for the management of the organization. Financial accounting is reflected in the economic activities of enterprises and other organizations, its focus is the historical description of all the economic activities of enterprises and other organizations, which means that after the occurrence of the operation and management activities, credited to the accounting records.From the perspective of the main body of work, management accounting body of work is a multi-level, enterprises and other organizations not only as a principal, you can also enterprises and other organizations within the local or individual departments as a body of work, even a work management links the main day-to-day economic activities as a body of work, control, evaluation and assessment.Financial accounting body of work is usually the case there is only one level, the level of enterprises and other organizations as a unified whole to reflect the only main asset valuation and financial status, and so concentrated reflection and outline, and does not involve specific local problems. In addition, also constraint mechanism of the management accounting and financial accounting, accounting methods, accounting procedures, the concept of orientation, the degree of precision, time span, as well as information on characteristics of distinction.Third, management accounting and financial accounting applications Analysis can be drawn from the Management Accounting and Financial Management contrast, an important part of management accounting and financial accounting are the overall accounting system. Management Accounting in the content usually by the driver of financial and accounting needs, In other words, the relationship and difference between management accounting and financial accounting to determine the management accounting and financial accounting in the application process should continue to optimize the communication and coordination be tween the two .Communication and coordination of management accounting and financial accounting to meet the enterprises and other organizations need to improve management effectiveness, to meet the information needs of different enterprises and organizations such as external users of information to avoid unnecessary waste. For example, in he daily accounting of the financial accounting, through the use of variable costing convenient convergence of management accounting and financial accounting easy to manage, establish and improve the confirmation of the financial accounting basis and measurement mode, to reduce the management accounting workload, work with coordination and communication of financial accounting. In short, management accounting and financial accounting, while under the different areas of accounting, but both have a specific relationship between them in the application process, the inevitability and necessity of coordination and communication.In short, is essentially the difference between management accounting and financial accounting. Specific applications should be concerned about the difference between the two at the same time concerned about the link between the two, constantly improve in practical work, whether it is from both theory and reality has a strong role to promote the enhancement of the organization and management efficiency. Financial Accounting:Accounting personnel in money as the basic unit of measurement, recognition, measurement, recording, reporting, mainly for enterprises to external stakeholders, past and present financial position, results of operations and changes in financial position ‘, and comprehensive intervene in the internal of the business, an economic management activities. Management Accounting: Focuses on the internal operation and management services. It uses a flexible and diverse ways and means to properly optimize management decisions, and provide useful information for the management of the enterpr ise.The difference between brief management accounting and financial accounting Focus Financial Accounting: the focus is on the preparation of the financial statements on a regular basis according to the daily business records, registration books, to businesses outside the economic interest groups, individuals report the financial position and operating results, the specific objectives for enterprise outside services financial accounting can be called â€Å"external accounting†.Management Accounting: the focus is on analysis of specific problems of business management, in order to provide the information needed to predict decision-making and control assessment information to internal managers at all levels, the specific objectives for internal management services, management accounting can be referred to as â€Å"internal accounting†. Second, the different levels of the main body of workFinancial Accounting: The body of work often have only one level, mainly across the enterprise for the body of work, which can adapt to the financial accounting, with particular emphasis on the integrity reflect the requirements to supervise the entire economic process, and not miss any accounting elements of the accounting entity. Management Accounting: the body of work can be divided into multi-level, either the main body of the entire enterprise, the enterprise within the local area or individual departments can be even a management aspects as the main body of the work. Third, the role of aging,Financial Accounting: The role of aging is to reflect the past, from an emphasis on the principle of objectivity, or adhere to the principle of historical cost, can only reflect the actual occurrence of the economic and business. Therefore, financial accounting is essentially a reimbursement-type accounting â€Å"considered as a† doubtful debts â€Å". Management accounting: the role of aging is not limited to the analysis of the past, but also in the dynamic use of financial accounting information to predict and plan for the future, while controlling the now, which spans the past three present and future tenses.Management Accounting for the future role of aging in the first place, while the analysis of the past in order to control and better guide future Therefore, management accounting is essentially belong to the count of â€Å"live account† â€Å"management accounting†. Principles, standards Financial Accounting: Working to strictly abide by the â€Å"Enterprise Accounting Standards† and the industry a unified accounting system, to guarantee the comparability of consistency in the provision of financial statements in time and space.Management Accounting: from the â€Å"Enterprise Accounting Standards† and the industry a unified accounting system complete restrictions and strict constraints, can be flexible in the work of predictive science, cybernetics, information theory, decision-making principles of modern management theory as a guide. Recently, the experts pointed out: with the Xing of the financial shared service center, the small business pro-gaze accounting matters, financial software upgrading of traditional financial accounting urgent need for transformation, there will be more than 80% of the finance staff to change jobs or facing re-employment .The rise of the financial shared service center Substantial reduction of the traditional financial accounting Financial shared service center in recent years, and popular accounting and reporting, business management. It will be different countries, regional entities and accounting business to get the SSC (Shared Service Center) to accounting and reporting. DELL various regions in China have sales outlets, these outlets just a sales team and service personnel, the order's headquarters is located in Xiamen standard unified business, finance can be shared to Xiamen.Therefore, the rise of the financial shared service center will greatly r educe the financial and accounting officers of large and medium-sized enterprises. Strategy: turn to the small and medium-sized enterprises. Small business pro-gaze firm Accounting operations will be outsourced Turned to small and medium-sized enterprises is not wise. First, small businesses, â€Å"stall, poor efficiency and financial needs, two, three accounting is sufficient. Another is that small companies do not set financial positions. Outsourcing to the management of the firm up quick and asy to view reports on a regular basis can save time, save money! Strategy: turn to accounting firms. Financial software upgrading Accounting firm is also a block alkali salt Seems to turn to the accounting firm is the last choice. As everyone knows, due to the ever-changing high-tech, high-end financial software constantly upgrading, which requires 4,5 individuals accounted for accurately, a set of software can be more accurate than artificial accounting. Cost far less than the overall cost s of the accounting staff.The accounting firm nor the last place to go! Question: traditional accounting go? Receded into the background of traditional financial accounting Management Accounting hotshot (CMA) Traditional financial accounting (CPA) focus on accounting, auditing, reporting, high-speed development of the market has not kept pace, a significant reduction it is inevitable. Contrary to the audit, accounting budget, decision-making is the scope of management accounting. Management accounting (CMA) focus on prediction, decision-making, planning, control and evaluation.CPA accounting of wealth, the CMA to create wealth, enterprises need to CMA's behind the military counselor. In 2009, the State Foreign Experts Bureau U. S. Certified Management Accountant (CMA) was introduced into China, and to authorize the excellent fiscal first training institutions. Are marked with the CMA's success in the Chinese enterprises in the use and promotion of foreign invested enterprises, the c entral level, state-owned enterprises and other large and medium-sized well-known enterprises in the recruitment of financial xecutives, â€Å"holds a CMA preferred. Excellent fiscal CMA students, Wister Finance Manager Ms. Wang said: learning CMA found that management accounting knowledge is far more than financial accounting, is more practical. Tsinghua University (microblogging), Professor Yu Zengbiao: management accounting talent gap of 3 million, management accounting will become a popular and sought-after talent! Old P3 + P1 = CMA As of June 30 registration of 220 U. S. dollarsRecently: American Institute of Management Accountants (IMA), release of information: the IMA headquarters decided to extend the final deadline of the Chinese examination system of the old Gang access to the August 31, 2012, June 30th registration will be provincial examination fee of 220 dollars in July to registration on August 31, will pay U. S. $ 125 examination fee. The first official training inst itutions excellent fiscal exclusive launch of the old P3 + P1 = the CMA, four-door variable 2, spend less, the cycle is short, easy to byAbout gifted fiscal: Excellent fiscal CMA Training Center is the first professional organization committed to the training of management accounting. 2009, excellent fiscal become the world's largest Institute of Management Accountants Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) authorized the first national strategic partner in China for three consecutive years by the IMA Headquarters granted the title of â€Å"Greater China, the best CMA training institutions, for three consecutive years of first place in the CMA exam pass rate!Excellent fiscal has the most outstanding exclusive contract faculty, provides students with a large number of local real Case Studies. Up to now, more than 90% of the CMA candidates from excellent financial, breakthrough success of the excellent fiscal CMA Training Center, (Beijing) the CMA5000 test exceeded 2000 people, cl ose to 1,000 people have already received the certificate students to complete their studies students read CMA.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Advances in Operating Systems

Operating systems have undergone a series of evolutions since the early nineteen fifties when they first appeared in the market. By this time they were crude and they performed limited duties with great difficult. They also consumed time and were extremely annoying.When it struck the year 2000, computer operating systems finished half a century in existence. The efficient systems that entered the scene in the nineteen nineties are a successor to the batch processing systems of the early nineteen fifties.Just like the operating systems have undergone much evolution since they were first invented, the definition has also had to change from time to time so as to fit the moment. The nineteen sixties had the world defining operating systems as the software that was responsible for the direction or control of the hardware.The emergence of microcode has shifted the definition and nowadays operating systems are defined as the software whose duty is to make the hardware possible to use. Opera ting systems comprises a set of programs that basically control the computer. Abbreviated as OS or O/S, operating systems form the software component of a computer that handles the coordination and management of computer resources.It also controls the sharing of the computer resources by acting as a host of the applications that are carried out or done in the computer. It is true that no computer functions in the current world of computers without making use of an operating system.This applies to handheld computers, desk top computers, video game consoles and super computers. The batch processors mentioned above that were the forerunners of current operating systems were produced by a couple of companies such as UNIVAC and Control Data Corporation.Components of an operating systemOperating systems are composed of different areas such as kernel services, library services and application level services. Kernel services are charged with the responsibility of providing a path to the per ipheral components or devices.Usually, the kernel answers the device interrupts and responds to service requests from the processes taking place. I t is the core of the operating system and functions in a privileged manner that supports the execution of orders from the hardware. Library services in the operating system deals with the storage of no-processed and processed data. This is retrievable for use in future in case it is required for reference or processing.The other component of the operating system is the application services part or component whose function is primarily to coordinate the running of the application area of the system.The historical progression or advancement of operating systemsSince the period of the batch systems, so much has happened in the world of computer operating systems. The most productive period in computer operating systems evolution took place in the sixties and seventies. This is the time when much of the now famous and widely used and highly effective computer operating systems were invented.The earliest operating systems or the so called classic operating systems came out in distinct times. These times can be broken down to a number of phases. The first phase is the open shop which saw the introduction of the IBM 701 open shop. The period in which this came out was the year nineteen fifty four.The batch processing period gave us the batch processing phase that went a head to bring forth the well known BKS system. This was the year nineteen sixty one. The batch processing phase was followed by the multiprogramming phase .This phase was responsible for the production or invention of up to four serious operating systems. These systems were the atlas supervisor in nineteen sixty one, the B5000 system in nineteen sixty four, the exec II system in nineteen sixty six and the egdon system that came out in the year nineteen sixty six as well.The fourth phase in this line of classic operating systems was the timesharing phase. T his phase saw the emergence of operating systems such as CTSS that came out in nineteen sixty two, the multics file system that came out in the year nineteen sixty five, and the titan file system that was produced in nineteen seventy two.The UNIX operating system that came out in nineteen seventy two also falls into the timesharing category.Still on the idea of operating system production and functional phases, the timesharing phase pushes us on to the concurrent programming phase. At this angle, a number of operating systems are recognized.These include the solo program text of nineteen seventy six, the solo system of nineteen seventy six, the THE system that came out in nineteen sixty eight, the Venus system that came out in nineteen seventy two, the RC 4000 that was invented in the year nineteen sixty nine and the boss 2 system that was produced in the year nineteen seventy five.The concurrent programming phase is closely followed by the personal computing phase .In this particul ar phase, operating systems that are still highly respected in the world of computing such as the star user interface produced in nineteen eighty two, the operating system produced in nineteen seventy two simply referred to as the OS, the alto system of nineteen seventy nine and the pilot system of nineteen eighty are highly considered.Then there is the last phase which is the phase of distributed systems. The distributed systems that are found in this phase include the highly admired and valued Unix United System that came out in nineteen eighty two, the amoeba system of nineteen eighty, and the Unix United RPC system that appeared in the world of computing in the year nineteen eighty two.There is also the WFS file server system that was produced in the year nineteen seventy nine.In the world of evolution of operating systems, there are strong principles that always dictate the nature and operational capability of an operating system. These basic ideas or principles are the ones th at always lead to the rise or invention of the technical benchmarks that led to the design of the operating systems in question.The history of computer operating system evolution is littered with these basic ideas that gave rise or formed the ground for the formulation of the operating systems we now know and use. These basic ideas or core ideas of operating systems developed through phases as well just like the operating systems themselves.These phases include the open shop, the batch processing phase, the multiprogramming phase, the timesharing phase, the concurrent programming phase, the personal computing phase, and the distributed systems phase.The technical ideas that emerged during these phases include the remote servers that came out in the phase of the distributed computer operating systems, the simultaneous user interaction and the online file systems that came out during the phase of timesharing, and the graphic user interfaces that came out in the group of personal compu ter operating systems emergence.The parallel programming concepts, the extensive kernels, the secure parallel languages and the hierarchical systems as technical ideas also came out during the phase of concurrent programming.Added to these, are idea of operating systems itself that came out in the phase of open systems, the technical element of tape batching and first in and first out scheduling that emerged at the time of batch processing, the technical ideas of demand paging, priority scheduling, remote job entry, input –output spooling, processor multiplexing and indivisible operations that arose at the hot period of multiprogramming (Aho, 1984).Moving from the period of technical ideas innovation or invention, the history of operating systems also covers the mode or way of operation that was normally used in the process of trying to get work done using the poorly designed operating systems.At the time of the IBM open shop, life with the computers of the time was terribly hard and a long time was spent trying to achieve some simple targets. Workers would sit before computers waiting for their data to be processed to whatever they wanted. The problems posed by the computers of the time made the users work hard to come up with more efficient machines.The batch processing systems mentioned elsewhere in this research paper came as a serious leap forward in the evolution of operating system. Here, the idea of computers handling the amount of work to process came up and the laziness and slow nature of human beings was eliminated.Magnetic tape was input with punched cards and the jobs to be done were run in order of appearance through the computers .Satellite computers printed the output in a line printer and produced the next input.Despite the effectiveness that came with the batch processing system, there was the limitation of feeding the magnetic tape, the speed of output and the delay due to the sequential nature of the magnetic tapes. It would actually take several hours, a day or two before one would get the output for their work.This system of batch processing was followed by the BKS system that was very easy to read even by people who were not so much into computer work and obviously had the same problem of delaying just like the batch processing.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Johann Wolfgang von Goeth essays

Johann Wolfgang von Goeth essays Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born on August 28,1749, in Frankfurt am Main. In his early teen years he had already learnt the languages of, German, French, Italian, English, Latin, and Yiddish. In his free time he would write plays and poems for all occasions. At age sixteen he was sent to the University of Leipzig by his father, to study law. He studied there from 1765 to 1768. He lost interest in the legal system and developed an interest in literature. He also became acquainted with the dramatic works then. It is said that the most important advances Goethe made, he made in Leipzig. His first play was done while he was here. It was Die Laune des Verliebten (The Wayward Lover). His second play was Die Mitschuldigen (Fellow Culprits) was written soon after he went back to Frankfurt when his health took a turn for the worse. At Frankfurt, he studied occult, philosophy, astrology, and alchemy. Through the influence of his mother, Susanne Katharina von Klettenberg, Goethe gained some insight into religious mysteries. From 1770 to 1771 he went back to Stasbourg to continue his study of law; in addition, he took up the study of music, art, anatomy, and chemistry. These seventeen months in Strasbourg are usually identified as one of the major turning points in his career. Strasbourg was more German culturally than Leipzig, and this affected Goethe in a good way. This was visible immediately in the grace, power, and freedom of the folksong like poems such as Mailied (Maysong) and Willkommen zum Abschied (Welcome and Farewell). In September 1771 Goethe returned to Frankfurt, to begin a law career but instead to begin the most visible literary career in German history. Goethe began to practice law, having a seat on the supreme court of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1775 he became engaged to Anna Elisabeth (Lili) Schoeneman, the daughter of wealthy banker. Although it inspired some wonderful poems, the engagement w...

Monday, October 21, 2019

Essay on The Shift of Power

Essay on The Shift of Power Essay on The Shift of Power The Shift of Power Labor organizations began in the 19th century and struggled to show significance, however they developed and proved their purpose during the industrial revolution. As technology changed and improved in working environments, unions had to do the same to remain significant. Two specific organizations signified the changes occurring between unions and employers, Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) and Local P-9 Meatpackers from Austin, Minnesota. In Phillip Drays reading, â€Å"A Time for Choosing,† he discusses in his chapter, â€Å"There is Power in a Union,† the disputes between Air Traffic Controllers and the federal government. PATCO and Ronald Reagan’s federal government stubbornly fought impeding each other’s requests on fair regulations. Bud and Ruth Schultz discussed in, â€Å"Cracking Down on New Voices of Union Militancy,† testimonies of the local community in Austin, who witnessed first hand the chaos taking place at the Hormel company and Local P-9 union. P-9er’s experienced government corruption and repression but disregarded personal needs and comfort to stand up for their beliefs. Many issues were involved in the disputes between the employers and the employees. Strategies were set in place to stay one step ahead of each other’s opponent. The public, media, courts, and authorities were unpredictable factors but played major roles in the disputes. While unions effectively progressed through time, disputes in the 1980’s displayed the shift in balance of power from unions to employers. Hormel employees and air traffic controllers had a list of issues with their respective employers, leading to dramatic strikes. Work conditions were unhealthy and overall benefits did not accommodate their justified needs. August of 1985 the Local P-9 struck against Hormel plant for, â€Å"Additional givebacks in wages and medical benefits and against dangerous speedup† (Sch ultz, 92). Employees conducting work in areas, such as the beef kill area, required frequent medical attention without additional benefits or worker’s compensation. After working at Hormel for five years, one employee stated, â€Å"In that five-year span, I required a hundred and ninety-six sutures and ended up having two surgeries to realign my wrist† (Schultz, 101). Not only were the short term affects unaccounted for, the long-term issues undoubtedly impacted the Hormel employees. Meatpackers had issues with physical injuries on the job. However air traffic control caused substantial mental stress on the controllers. The high level of stress prohibited occupational longevity, negating them from retirement plans. Once controllers put on a headset, they are responsible for millions of dollars and peoples lives, evidently, â€Å"a blackjack card dealer in Las Vegas is generally relieved from his duty after 40 minutes of dealing because of the monotony and menta l stress of keeping up with a deck of cards, while an air traffic controller responsible for moving air planes in and out of a busy airport will frequently remain on the radarscope for four hours without relief† (Drays, 623). Controller’s issues were not limited to medical benefits, but employees did not believe they were being paid as much as they were worth. American controllers averaged more work per week and, â€Å"received fewer vacation or paid sick days than controllers in major systems worldwide† (Drays, 628). PATCO felt a package worth about $740 million would appease their needs. On the other hand, Hormel dominated the meatpacking industry, continually increasing annual revenue. The increase of meat supply and demand was negatively correlated with employee income, because employees â€Å"couldn’t see any rationale in offering new concessions to a profitable employer, one making more money than it ever had before† (Schultz, 100). The employees’ frustration led them to take charge and rally each other and devise strategies to fight the irrational standards set by the

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Explaining the Writing Experience Through Metaphors

Explaining the Writing Experience Through Metaphors Writing is like . . . building a house, pulling teeth, pounding a wall, riding a wild horse, conducting an exorcism, throwing a lump of clay on a potters wheel, performing surgery on yourself without anesthesia. When asked to discuss the experience of writing, authors often respond with figurative comparisons. Thats not too surprising. After all, metaphors and similes are the intellectual tools of the serious writer, ways of examining and imagining experiences as well as describing them. Here are 20 figurative explanations that aptly convey the  writing experience  from famous authors. Bridge BuildingI wanted to try to build a bridge of words between me and that world outside, that world that was so distant and elusive that it seemed unreal.(Richard Wright, American Hunger, 1975)Road BuildingThe maker of a sentence . . . launches out into the infinite and builds a road into Chaos and old Night, and is followed by those who hear him with something of wild, creative delight.(Ralph Waldo Emerson, Journals, December 19, 1834)ExploringWriting is like exploring. . . . As an explorer makes maps of the country he has explored, so a writers works are maps of the country he has explored.(Lawrence Osgood, quoted in Axelrod Coopers Concise Guide to Writing, 2006)Giving Away Loaves and FishesWriting is like giving away the few loaves and fishes one has, trusting that they will multiply in the giving. Once we dare to give away on paper the few thoughts that come to us, we start discovering how much is hidden underneath these thoughts and gradually come in touch with our own ric hes.(Henri Nouwen, Seeds of Hope: A Henri Nouwen Reader, 1997) Opening a ClosetWriting is like opening the closet you havent cleared out in years. You are looking for the ice skates but find the Halloween costumes. Dont start trying on all the costumes right now. You need the ice skates. So find the ice skates. You can go back later and try on all the Halloween costumes.(Michele Weldon, Writing to Save Your Life, 2001)Pounding a WallSometimes writing is difficult. Sometimes writing is like pounding a brick wall with a ball-peen hammer in the hope that the barricade will evolve into a revolving door.(Chuck Klosterman, Eating the Dinosaur, 2009)WoodworkingWriting something is almost as hard as making a table. With both you are working with reality, a material just as hard as wood. Both are full of tricks and techniques. Basically, very little magic and a lot of hard work are involved.(Gabriel Garcà ­a Mrquez, The Paris Review Interviews, 1982)Building a HouseIt is helpful to me to pretend that writing is like building a house. I like to go out an d watch real building projects and study the faces of the carpenters and masons as they add board after board and brick after brick. It reminds me of how hard it is to do anything really worth doing.(Ellen Gilchrist, Falling Through Space, 1987) MiningWriting is to descend like a miner to the depths of the mine with a lamp on your forehead, a light whose dubious brightness falsifies everything, whose wick is in permanent danger of explosion, whose blinking illumination in the coal dust exhausts and corrodes your eyes.(Blaise Cendrars, Selected Poems, 1979)Laying PipeWhat civilians do not understandand to a writer, anyone not a writer is a civilianis that writing is manual labor of the mind: a job, like laying pipe.(John Gregory Dunne, Laying Pipe, 1986)Smoothing Ripples[W]riting is like trying to smooth ripples from water with ones handthe more I try, the more disturbed things get.(Kij Johnson, The Fox Woman, 2000)Renewing a WellWriting is like renewing a dried well: at the bottom, mud, muck, dead birds. You clean it out well and leave room for water to spring up again and ascend almost up to the brim so clean that even the children look at their reflections in it.(Luz Pichel, Pieces of Letters From My Bedroom. Writing Bonds : Irish and Galician Contemporary Women Poets, 2009) SurfingDelay is natural to a writer. He is like a surferhe bides his time, waits for the perfect wave on which to ride in. Delay is instinctive with him. He waits for the surge (of emotion? of strength? of courage?) that will carry him along.(E.B. White, The Paris Review Interviews, 1969)Surfing and GraceWriting a book is a bit like surfing. . . . Most of the time youre waiting. And its quite pleasant, sitting in the water waiting. But you are expecting that the result of a storm over the horizon, in another time zone, usually, days old, will radiate out in the form of waves. And eventually, when they show up, you turn around and ride that energy to the shore. Its a lovely thing, feeling that momentum. If youre lucky, its also about grace. As a writer, you roll up to the desk every day, and then you sit there, waiting, in the hope that something will come over the horizon. And then you turn around and ride it, in the form of a story.(Tim Winton, interviewed by Aida Edemariam. The Gua rdian, June 28, 2008) Swimming Under WaterAll good writing is swimming under water and holding your breath.(F. Scott Fitzgerald, in a letter to his daughter, Scottie)HuntingWriting is like hunting. There are brutally cold afternoons with nothing in sight, only the wind and your breaking heart. Then the moment when you bag something big. The entire process is beyond intoxicating.(Kate Braverman, quoted by Sol Stein in Stein on Writing, 1995)Pulling the Trigger of a GunWriting is like pulling the trigger of a gun; if you are not loaded, nothing happens.(attributed to Henry Seidel Canby)RidingWriting is like trying to ride a horse which is constantly changing beneath you, Proteus changing while you hang on to him. You have to hang on for dear life, but not hang on so hard that he cant change and finally tell you the truth.(Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers, 2nd ed., 1998)DrivingWriting is like driving at night in the fog. You can only see as far as your headlights, but you can make the whole trip that wa y.(attributed to E.L. Doctorow) WalkingThen wed revise, make the words walk slowly on the slippery trail.(Judith Small, Body of Work. The New Yorker, July 8, 1991)

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Operations and Quality MBA TMA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Operations and Quality MBA TMA - Essay Example n, including engine test cells, two foundries in Worchester 50 miles west of Northampton and a low volume engine plant at Wellingborough (Kimbereley, 2000). The Company has occupied the Northampton base since 1964, with a staff of about 425 and offers technologically advanced engine design, manufacture and test equipment (Ciber, 2005). The Company’s rich and varied history is set to continue, with activities as diverse as Racing, Aerospace, Medical equipment design and Confidential Consultancy work as part of the company profile. (Cosworth, 2007). Cosworth Ltd has introduced CIBER SAP’s All-in-one solutions in order to enhance the efficiency of their business operations. The Company was operating earlier with a disparate MRP system that contained a plethora of bespoke products and several old fashioned proprietary applications, which were not dynamic and did not provide real time data (Ciber, 2005). The goals of the new SAP implementation process that has been carried out at Cosworth is to reduce costs, cut down on wastes, establish best practices and improve the overall system performance (Ciber 2005). The SAP system will also allow for increased flexibility and improvements in reporting and planning. According to Jeremy Hill, the Head of business systems at Cosworth, the biggest advantage offered by the introduction of SAP systems at Cosworth is the facility to share documents, since earlier, there was no coordinated policy and facility to share documents with documents and designs being faxed and needing reassembly at the other end or being sent around on CDs, while the new e-service has helped in the delivery of an efficient and responsive customer service (Clark, 2006). The All-in-one SAP application also allows for the establishment of cross company synergies and an end to end data supply system, ensuring that there is improved reporting and decision making across the organization. (CIBER, 2005). This report will examine the Sales processes at

Torts Week 5 Ind Work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Torts Week 5 Ind Work - Research Paper Example In addition to this, during the court session evidence provided does not show any signs of damage. The driver of the truck bore witness that spare tire has been wrapped around by the chains to stop even tighter to the cradle. Yes, now plaintiff can get help by using the common law. This law is particularly developed as a separate doctrine in order to assist the plaintiffs to verify their cases for any particular conditions. The strict liability doctrine apportions the presupposition of obligation certainly for different types of incidents to the suspect rather than of the plaintiff (Anonymous, n.d.). This law relieves the duty of proving a disputed charge that generally builds upon the plaintiff when hearing a case. The courts considered blasting and keeping wild animals, for instance, as an unsafe activity in an inherent manner. There developed a presupposition that if an accident due to blasting occurs or a wild animal ran away than whosoever created the explosion or the possessor of the animal was automatically legally responsible for any harm that could normally be associated to these cases. Therefore this law increased the social cost to individuals that are engaged in unsafe activities (Anonymous,

Torts Week 5 Ind Work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Torts Week 5 Ind Work - Research Paper Example In addition to this, during the court session evidence provided does not show any signs of damage. The driver of the truck bore witness that spare tire has been wrapped around by the chains to stop even tighter to the cradle. Yes, now plaintiff can get help by using the common law. This law is particularly developed as a separate doctrine in order to assist the plaintiffs to verify their cases for any particular conditions. The strict liability doctrine apportions the presupposition of obligation certainly for different types of incidents to the suspect rather than of the plaintiff (Anonymous, n.d.). This law relieves the duty of proving a disputed charge that generally builds upon the plaintiff when hearing a case. The courts considered blasting and keeping wild animals, for instance, as an unsafe activity in an inherent manner. There developed a presupposition that if an accident due to blasting occurs or a wild animal ran away than whosoever created the explosion or the possessor of the animal was automatically legally responsible for any harm that could normally be associated to these cases. Therefore this law increased the social cost to individuals that are engaged in unsafe activities (Anonymous,

Torts Week 5 Ind Work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Torts Week 5 Ind Work - Research Paper Example In addition to this, during the court session evidence provided does not show any signs of damage. The driver of the truck bore witness that spare tire has been wrapped around by the chains to stop even tighter to the cradle. Yes, now plaintiff can get help by using the common law. This law is particularly developed as a separate doctrine in order to assist the plaintiffs to verify their cases for any particular conditions. The strict liability doctrine apportions the presupposition of obligation certainly for different types of incidents to the suspect rather than of the plaintiff (Anonymous, n.d.). This law relieves the duty of proving a disputed charge that generally builds upon the plaintiff when hearing a case. The courts considered blasting and keeping wild animals, for instance, as an unsafe activity in an inherent manner. There developed a presupposition that if an accident due to blasting occurs or a wild animal ran away than whosoever created the explosion or the possessor of the animal was automatically legally responsible for any harm that could normally be associated to these cases. Therefore this law increased the social cost to individuals that are engaged in unsafe activities (Anonymous,

Torts Week 5 Ind Work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Torts Week 5 Ind Work - Research Paper Example In addition to this, during the court session evidence provided does not show any signs of damage. The driver of the truck bore witness that spare tire has been wrapped around by the chains to stop even tighter to the cradle. Yes, now plaintiff can get help by using the common law. This law is particularly developed as a separate doctrine in order to assist the plaintiffs to verify their cases for any particular conditions. The strict liability doctrine apportions the presupposition of obligation certainly for different types of incidents to the suspect rather than of the plaintiff (Anonymous, n.d.). This law relieves the duty of proving a disputed charge that generally builds upon the plaintiff when hearing a case. The courts considered blasting and keeping wild animals, for instance, as an unsafe activity in an inherent manner. There developed a presupposition that if an accident due to blasting occurs or a wild animal ran away than whosoever created the explosion or the possessor of the animal was automatically legally responsible for any harm that could normally be associated to these cases. Therefore this law increased the social cost to individuals that are engaged in unsafe activities (Anonymous,

Friday, October 18, 2019

Plot summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Plot summary - Essay Example This occurs when an action by the protagonist produces an effect that contravenes the expected effect. For instance, in Oedipus Rex, the reversal occurs when Oedipus hears about Polybus’ death and this seems to be good news, but it is disastrous in actual sense. The second principal part of the plot according to Aristotle is the recognition also known as the anagnorisis. It is at this point of the play that a character learns about certain facts, which prompt him to hate or love another character. For instance, Oedipus unknowingly kills the king of Thebes only to learn later that he is his real father. The third element of a tragic play is the final suffering or pathos. This is a destructive act that leaves the hero of the tragedy in pain. In Oedipus Rex, the protagonist removes his eyes; a rather painful process. There are other elements of the plot like the two stages, that is, the unraveling and the complication. The latter encompasses every aspect of the play up to the point where the main character encounters positive or negative fortune. In contrast, the unraveling takes place from the turning point to the play’s

Healthcare Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Healthcare Management - Research Paper Example For Mini, her job was to identify the managerial processes that must be implemented, designed, and completed prior to opening day. Till now, she had identified several processes, like financial management, human resources, supply chain management, governmental compliance, and credentialing that would work behind providing Dr. Yen his dream solo practice. However, the main challenge in this situation was to assure that the practice is ready to operate in 60 days. With no ray of sunshine coming from the sky, Mini hoped to find a lightning of creativity to identify managerial processes that must be implemented, designed, and completed prior to opening day. Mini set to work immediately and started with the background. FroYen Clinic is a clinic that is developed and made for those individuals who need services for a doctor in the area of XYM. The service that is to be set in motion in the coming 60 days has set its focus on those individuals as well as patients that need an affordable, re liable, and clean place for the cure of their illness or problems. The market identified therefore begins from low end and continues till the high end market where more preference is on those patients who have enough money for healthcare. In order to set the operations of FroYen Clinic in motion, the main objective is to begin a service for those individuals who have income for healthcare. ... With the help of Dr. Yen’s best physician practices, thereby depicting the service, maintenance of the quality standards, establishing a comforting environment for the patients, and the activation of strong managerial practices, the confidence of the targeted market would be easy to gain. Zwith the amount of revenue generated over the years, the clinic will also expand by purchasing the relevant machines. The financing will be carried out from the initial capital and loans. For FroYen Clinic to be operating in the health sector environment would mean adding a huge contribution to the already existing infrastructure. This step will therefore reduce the influx of patients for other hospitals at the XYM area. The established clinic will hence, possess sufficient resources and professional conduct of the physician that will work as an advantage for the FroYen Clinic as well as the patients most of the times. The clinic will be following a result based performance evaluation framew ork so that the inefficiencies can be soundly addressed to ensure greater quality. A solo practice faces a number of challenges but developing strategies to ensure availability of quality health service will work towards decreasing those challenges. FroYen Clinic will therefore work as a means to curing illness through the use of efficient medical treatments and will commence its operations in the coming 60 days. The clinic will start on July 10th 2012 and will be established at the XYM Place Nth Ave with one physician that is Dr. Yen, a physician assistant, a nurse practitioner, and a receptionist. The one Line Pitch identified for FroYen Clinic is therefore: â€Å"Because We

Thursday, October 17, 2019

E marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E marketing - Assignment Example eting is used for sending email messages in order to the relationship of a merchant both with its previous and current customers in order to repeat business and encourage customer loyalty. E-marketing can also be used to send email messages in order to convince current customers or acquire new customers to purchase products or services of the business immediately. A merchant may also use email messages to add advertisements that are sent to their customers by other companies. This paper seeks to discuss the concept of e-marketing (Doyle and Stern, 2006). E-Marketing harmonizes the overall strategy of marketing perfectly, and provides advertising campaign with proven results that are measurable, which can take the company’s current marketing campaign to a higher level. For example, where e-marketing involves product promotion, query responses, event invitations, and newsletters, an all in one solution is provided by emails (Doyle and Stern, 2006). E-Marketing provides an easily customized and efficient form of marketing to advertising organizations and other businesses that complements their current strategies of advertisement and close in on the interactive and profitable market. In addition, e-marketing is beneficial to such organizations and other businesses because it allows them to target particular group of recipients and reach out to an engaged and defined audience. E-marketing also penetrates and overcomes any geographical parameters that may be a constraint to the other methods of communication. Efficiency is high in e-marketing. This is because the messages can be sent and distributed to many recipients by just one click. E-marketing is also cost effective and requires minimal investment in order to have an appropriate system set up to function. In addition, e-marketing is fast and the commercial messages are delivered to the inboxes of the recipients straight away and instantly (Tapp, 2005). E-marketing can be regarded as a form of e-commerce since

Kanban Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kanban Systems - Research Paper Example This system was introduced in Toyota car plant in Japan as a means through which the company would smooth their produce throughout their production process. Through this system the company aimed at improving productivity of their system. This system will also ensure that the company secures its involvement and participation in realizing its aim of high productivity by acting as a better means of keeping on check flow of products through the production system. Kanban therefore provides highly visible means of keeping on track the build-up of inventory levels with a production system. The system is made up of cards with all the information of what is required to be done on a product at each stage of production. The cards also explain what parts should be inserted in the subsequent process. Through this cards a firm can therefore control a work in progress, its production and smooth flow of its inventory. Through Kanban system therefore a firm can achieve the following objectives among others Kanban systems was invented twenty years ago by the vice president of Japanese car giant Toyota. The main aim was to smoothen the flow of products in the car plants throughout the production system of the firm. Since then the system has gone through vary many modifications as a means of production activity control. As a measure of activity control Kanban system have helps firms to achieve goals of Just-in-time and manage operations of the same. Further, Kanban system helps in relaying crucial information for monitoring and controlling the quantities required by the firm according to its production plans. An effective Kanban system provides a better way for employees of firm to understand how the management want their time to be spent (Louis, 2006). This means a firm can identify where idle time lie easily and make further adjustment as fast as possible. This may come interns of

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

E marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E marketing - Assignment Example eting is used for sending email messages in order to the relationship of a merchant both with its previous and current customers in order to repeat business and encourage customer loyalty. E-marketing can also be used to send email messages in order to convince current customers or acquire new customers to purchase products or services of the business immediately. A merchant may also use email messages to add advertisements that are sent to their customers by other companies. This paper seeks to discuss the concept of e-marketing (Doyle and Stern, 2006). E-Marketing harmonizes the overall strategy of marketing perfectly, and provides advertising campaign with proven results that are measurable, which can take the company’s current marketing campaign to a higher level. For example, where e-marketing involves product promotion, query responses, event invitations, and newsletters, an all in one solution is provided by emails (Doyle and Stern, 2006). E-Marketing provides an easily customized and efficient form of marketing to advertising organizations and other businesses that complements their current strategies of advertisement and close in on the interactive and profitable market. In addition, e-marketing is beneficial to such organizations and other businesses because it allows them to target particular group of recipients and reach out to an engaged and defined audience. E-marketing also penetrates and overcomes any geographical parameters that may be a constraint to the other methods of communication. Efficiency is high in e-marketing. This is because the messages can be sent and distributed to many recipients by just one click. E-marketing is also cost effective and requires minimal investment in order to have an appropriate system set up to function. In addition, e-marketing is fast and the commercial messages are delivered to the inboxes of the recipients straight away and instantly (Tapp, 2005). E-marketing can be regarded as a form of e-commerce since

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Which Character in the book Watchmen best captures 21st century Essay

Which Character in the book Watchmen best captures 21st century American politics Why - Essay Example America today is in a very unique kind of position because it found itself to be the sole remaining superpower of the world, and due to this unprecedented position, America exerts a big influence in world affairs. Paradoxically, America is also somehow limited on how much it can do because it is operating under some constraints by global forces outside its immediate control. An example is the spread of liberal ideology helped spread globalisation of trade and finance, which had in turn disseminated the American ideals of real representative democracy and the benefits of free market capitalism (that â€Å"a rising tide lifts all boats,† as famously stated by former President John F. Kennedy). However, America is now also under increasing scrutiny by other nations in the way it exercises this great power; it is a hegemonic kind of power and comes with it the great type of responsibility to exercise such power in a prudent and equitable manner. This may not be the case always or in all instances and other countries which also aspire to global greatness try to challenge American power in many ways other than a direct confrontational war. The burden is on America to exercise its great power in a fair manner to give justice to all world citizens but conversely, as the adage goes, absolute power can corrupt absolutely. This brief paper is a discussion of current American politics with a moral or philosophical underpinning in relation to a wonderful graphic novel by author Alan Moore entitled Watchmen. Discussion The Watchmen is a good example of a new literary genre called as the graphic novel. It is a new category of books recently considered as a legitimate art form in itself due to its growing popularity, with previous novels like A Contract with God (by author Eisner), Maus (by Spiegelman), followed by Watchmen (by Moore and Gibbons) and then also The Dark Knight Returns (by Miller). A graphic novel follows the conventions of a traditional novel but the sto ry is told through a series of comic-strip illustrations, hence the name graphic. It is told through dialogue and the subject matter can be either fiction or non-fiction as well. Watchmen is a graphic novel that tells a compelling story of power that is highly relevant today. Watchmen has many interesting characters in it like Dr. Manhattan, Rorschach, Nite Owl, Silk Spectre, the Comedian, and Ozymandias. However, it is Dr. Manhattan which best exemplifies the nature of American politics in the twenty-first century. The great power of Dr. Manhattan is very similar to the great powers of the United States of America as sole super power in a unipolar world. America as sole superpower has a lot of options available to it that is not available to lesser nations, and this power can be exercised either for good or bad, in a certain sense, with impunity if allowed. This makes America a terrifying country to oppose. It exercises its great powers according to its own logic and moral standard s which is shown by its preference or predilection for preventive wars (some political analysts termed it as pre-emptive wars). This was shown by the last Iraq war to topple Saddam Hussein for supposedly possessing the dreaded weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and executed him after a flawed trial for war crimes against humanity (Tucker 174).1 America is like Dr. Manhattan; it operates under its own rules and even worse, operates under a double-standard of morality when it comes to its conduct of international relations (Robichaud 14).2 Clearly, as stated earlier elsewhere, the big question centers on the political morality that America should be

Monday, October 14, 2019

Cyber Warfare Examples Essay

Cyber Warfare Examples Essay Information Warfare,in its most fundamental sense, is the emerging theatre in which future nation-against-nation conflict at the strategic level is most likely to occur. George J. Stein, Cyber War, 2000 Cyberwar is the newest subset of information warfare, which needs no battlefield and is fought in cyberspace. Cyberspace includes information itself, the communication nets that move it, and the computers that make it useful. Cyberspace can be influenced and at times dominated by anyone possessing inexpensive computers linked into existing global communication nets  [1]  . The present information era offers modern tools to conduct seamless operations with utmost speed  [2]  . It is essentially trying to deny the enemy the advantage of force, time and space that come with the use of modern information technologies. Cyber Warfare may be defined as Any act intended to compel an opponent to fulfill our national will, executed against the software controlling processes within an opponents system. It includes the following modes of cyber attack: cyber infiltration, cyber manipulation, cyber assault, and cyber raid  [3]  . In present day battle field, forces exchange digital data for real time use using networks. Developments in the field of tele-communications, computer networking, image processing, miniaturization of electronics etc. has given a new impetus to the exploitation of the Information for Warfare. For all future conflicts, Cyber warfare would form one of the spheres of military operations in addition to the other four spheres i.e. land, air, sea and space. Military attack in the form of a cyber network attack is irregular in nature. It is extremely cheap, is very fast, can be carried out anonymously, and can disrupt or deny critical services precisely at the moment of maximum peril. Advances in technology over the past several decades have enabled cyber warfare to become a viable strategic tool. Details on cyber warfare are sensitive and all nations hold those closely. According to Jeffrey Carr, author of Inside Cyber Warfare, any country can wage cyberwar on any other country, irrespective of resources, because most military forces are network-centric and connected to the Internet, which is not secure. For the same reason, non-governmental groups and individuals could also launch cyberwarfare attacks. Cyber warfare in the civil domain is Internet-based conflict involving politically motivated attacks on information and information systems. Such attacks can disable official websites and networks, disrupt or disable essential services, steal or alter classified data, and cripple financial systems, among many other possibilities. The majority of computers, their operating systems and software purchased by the military services are commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, often manufactured abroad due to cheaper cost. Thus, foreign countries could place hidden components inside the computers, making the computers vulnerable for attack and/or spying. Examples of Cyber warfare. In 1998, the United States hacked into Serbias air defense system to compromise air traffic control and facilitate the bombing of Serbian targets. In 2007, in Estonia, a botnet of over a million computers brought down government, business and media websites across the country. The attack was suspected to have originated in Russia, motivated by political tension between the two countries. Also in 2007, an unknown foreign party hacked into high tech and military agencies in the United States and downloaded terabytes of information. In 2009, a cyber spy network called GhostNet accessed confidential information belonging to both governmental and private organizations in over 100 countries around the world. GhostNet was reported to originate in China, although that country denied responsibility. The most effective protection against cyberwarfare attacks is securing information and networks. Security updates should be applied to all systems including those that are not considered critical because any vulnerable system can be co-opted and used to carry out attacks. Measures to mitigate the potential damage of an attack include comprehensive disaster recovery planning that includes provisions for extended outages. It is tempting for policymakers to view cyberwarfare as an abstract future threat. After all, the national security establishment understands traditional military threats much better than it does virtual enemies. The problem is that an electronic attack can be large, widespread, and sudden far beyond the capabilities of conventional predictive models to anticipate. Cyber warfare is here to stay on the long run and it will be growing in the set of solutions our military has for the future. Weve have already seen this demonstrated in some of the wars in the Middle East. As weve heard in the press, the attacks by the United States have been to disable communications, to cause confusion in the command and control structure of the adversary before a follow- on assault. 1991 Gulf War: An Early Cyber Conflict. The first major U.S. conflict involving computer warfare was the 1991 war against Iraq. The Pentagon does not offer specific details as to what was done, but reports have asserted that Baghdads air defense radar and other systems were targeted by U.S. cyber warriors. A Case for Cyber Breach Every day, millions of automated network scans originating from foreign sources search Indian computers for unprotected communications ports, the built-in channels found in even the most inexpensive personal computers. Breaches of cyber security and data theft have plagued the US as well: in 2006, between 10 and 20 terabytes of data equivalent to the contents of approximately 100 laptop hard drives were illegally downloaded from the Pentagons non-classified network, and the State Department suffered similarly large losses the same year. The emergence of so-called peer-to-peer (p2p) networks poses yet another threat. These networks are temporary on demand connections that are terminated once the data service has been provided or the requested content delivered, much like a telephone call. From a security perspective, P2P networks offer an easy way to disguise illegitimate payloads (the content carried in digital packets); through the use of sophisticated protocols, they can divert network traffic to arbitrary ports, Data containing everything from music to financial transactions or weapons designs can be diverted to lanes that are created for a few milliseconds and then disappear without a trace, posing a crippling challenge to any countrys ability to monitor Internet traffic. Estimates vary, but P2P may consume as much as 60 percent of the Internets bandwidth; no one knows how much of this traffic is legitimate, how much violates copyright laws, and how much is a threat to national security. The commercially available networking systems that carry nearly all international data traffic are of high quality: they are structurally reliable, available globally and are also highly automated. However, the networking standards that enable communication using this networking infrastructure were designed in stages over the last four decades to ensure compatibility, not security, and the network designers have been playing catch-up for years. The price of perpetrating a cyber-attack is just a fraction of the cost of the economic and physical damage such an attack can produce. Because they are inexpensive to plan and execute, and because there is no immediate physical danger to the perpetrators, cyber-attacks are inherently attractive to adversaries large and small. Indeed, for the most isolated (and therefore resource-deprived) actors, remote, network borne disruptions of critical national infrastructure terrestrial and airborne traffic, energy generation and distribution, water and wastewater-treatment facilities, all manner of electronic communication, and, of course, the highly automated Indian financial system may be the primary means of aggression of a potential adversary. The cost of a cyber weapon is very low, a few thousands of dollars compared to the millions of dollars spent developing a new bomb or a sophisticated automated missile system. The skills and resources are not controlled and are available. As for intent, there is no shortage of individuals or groups who wish to harm India and the likelihood of detecting this plan and foiling it is questionable. Cyber-attacks occur on a frequent basis and in a near-instantaneous manner; as the world becomes more connected, more machines and more people will be affected by an attack. In the months and years to come, cyber-attack techniques will evolve even further, exposing various and possibly critical vulnerabilities that have not yet been identified by computer security experts. Moreover, such attacks could also be coordinated to coincide with physical assaults, in order to maximize the impact of both.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Grapes Of Wrath - Stereotyping :: essays research papers

Stereotyping and Its Effects Stereotyping, brought on by the existence of a class system, has many positive effects in John Steinbeck’s Grapes of Wrath. This class system, made up of migrants and affluent people, is present due to the fact that many of the affluent people stereotype the migrants as poor, uneducated, and easily agitated human beings. Thus, this sets a boundary between the educated individuals and migrants. At first, most migrants ignore the effects stereotyping has on them. But towards the end of their journeys to California, the migrants’ rage that had been gradually building up inside lets out and the migrants take action. The effects are more positive as the migrants strive for an education, receive sympathy, and calmly deal with conflicts. Farm owners, successful businessmen, and generally all inhabitants of the Mid-West have a sense that all migrants are dumb, uneducated people in 1939. They lower wages for fruit-picking at farms which were the only jobs offered to the migrants because of their proposed lack of intelligence. But migrants do not necessarily choose not to educate themselves. Ma Joad announces to her family that she will send her two youngest children to school once they are settled. Connie, Rose of Sharon’s husband, also plans out his goals with Rose of Sharon saying, â€Å"An’ he’s [Connie] gonna study at home, maybe radio, so he can git to be an expert . . . † The migrants have their mind already set on education and chose not to be ignorant all of their lives. Often in Grapes of Wrath, the affluent people stereotype the migrants as poor and penniless. As the Joads pull into the gas station, the attendant immediately asks, â€Å"Got any money?† He views the Joads as one of many poor, migrant families arriving to beg for some gas. But not all people who view migrants as poverty-stricken, hungry people see them in such a way. Mae, a waitress at one of the restaurants pities a family asking for bread and shows her compassion by letting the children have candy for much less than its worth. Instead of the anticipated let-down, the migrants receive pity from those with compassion and sympathy. Not only do affluent individuals see the migrants as uneducated and penniless, but also as easily agitated human beings. Because farm workers are afraid that these migrants may someday take over their farms, they try to make the migrants’ stay more unwelcoming.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Essay --

Financial support of minors Parents have an obligation to provide for their children. Children below the age of eighteen years are minors; hence, parents and guardians have the primary liability to support their children. It is their moral obligation to provide for their children as well as their mandate as the law stipulates. Parents are expected to provide common basic needs to the best of their ability. The general obligation of a parent is to provide love, affection, education, food, clothes and proper medical care. Minors on their part are supposed to respect their parents or guardians and utilize the opportunity they are given. For example, the opportunities to go to school, where they are expected to attend all classes and pass exams. When minors leave their parents’ home on their own accord, there is little probability that court will force their parents to support them financially. If the minors leave their parents’ home as a result of the influence of other people or failure to abide b y the rule stipulated by their family, then parents do not have any financial liabil...